Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of related viruses that can infect the genital area, as well as the mouth and throat. There are over 200 different types of HPV, and some of them are classified as high-risk due to their association with various cancers, including cervical cancer, anal cancer, and oropharyngeal (throat) cancer. Other types of HPV can cause genital warts.

HPV is primarily transmitted through intimate skin-to-skin contact, often during sexual activity. It is a very common virus, and many people who are sexually active will get at least one type of HPV at some point in their lives. In most cases, the immune system clears the virus without causing any health problems. However, persistent infections with high-risk HPV types can lead to the development of certain cancers.